A review of content-based video retrieval techniques for person identification

The rise of technology spurs the advancement in the surveillance field. Many commercial spaces reduced the patrol guard in favor of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) installation and even some countries already used surveillance drone which has greater mobility. In recent years, the CCTV Footage have also been used for crime investigation by law enforcement such as in Boston Bombing 2013 incident. However, this led us into producing huge unmanageable footage collection, the common issue of Big Data era. While there is more information to identify a potential suspect, the massive size of data needed to go over manually is a very laborious task. Therefore, some researchers proposed using Content-Based Video Retrieval (CBVR) method to enable to query a specific feature of an object or a human. Due to the limitations like visibility and quality of video footage, only certain features are selected for recognition based on Chicago Police Department guidelines. This paper presents the comprehensive reviews on CBVR techniques used for clothing, gender and ethnic recognition of the person of interest and how can it be applied in crime investigation. From the findings, the three recognition types can be combined to create a Content-Based Video Retrieval system for person identification

Empirical Study on Performance Evaluation Between Long Term Evolution (LTE), Third Generation (3G) and TV White Space Availability for Wireless Campus Network

Abstract—University campuses are increasingly relying on wireless communication as the preferred media to access the web. Hence, there is a need to conduct on site performance evaluation on the existing wireless standards with the view of analyzing their expected and actual performance. In this paper, a drive-test was performed on three (3) wireless standards of LTE Release 8, 3G and Television White Space (TVWS). The drive-test was performed in both in-building and outdoor environments in a sub-urban campus settings. Results from LTE Release 8, 3G indicate that user mobility affects the received user throughput and Reference Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). The test cases are executed by using a real LTE user equipment, equipped with ASCOM’s TEMS software on a live 3G and 4G mobile networks for the both Malaysian mobile service providers; Maxis and Celcom. The results showed sufficient coverage within the campus area from both operators. On the other hand, results from field experiment indicate that TVWS is available on the campus. TVWS presents significant new opportunities within the context of emerging 4G networks for deploying new wireless access technology capable of meeting students expectation in terms of throughput and increasing broadband access for the fraction when the legacy 4G networks experience coverage blackout

Comparative study on thermal performance of cross-matrix absorber solar collector with series and parallel configurations

This paper presents an experimental study comprising two CMA solar collectors with parallel and series arrangements on a forced convection solar drying system. The parallel and series solar collectors were investigated to evaluate the arrangement type’s effect on the thermal performance. The experiments were conducted using artificial solar radiation that varies from 300 to 900W/m2 with the air velocity of 0.5–2 m/s. The arrangement’s efficiency was evaluated based on the drying chamber’s thermal delivery from the collectors, thermal gains, and drying efficiencies, including air velocity effect and pressure drop. Results show that the solar collectors’ parallel arrangement leads to higher air temperature inside the drying chamber than the series by 3.87 ◦C. The thermal efficiency of 33.89% is achieved for the parallel setup than the series of 27.73%. The series arrangement is superior to the parallel in terms of the pressure drop across the solar drying system. Drying efficiency is observed at a higher air velocity of 2 m/s for both arrangements than lower airflow of 0.5 and 1 m/s. Parallel configuration showed promising performance in drying efficiency and low energy usage compared to the series arrangement in which the negative impact of higher pressure-drop was compensated

Hydrodynamics investigations of kaffir lime leaves drying in a swirling solar drying chamber with inclined slotted angle air distributor

The present work aims to investigate the behavior of drying kaffir lime leaves in a swirling solar drying chamber (S-SDC) fitted with an inclined slotted angle air distributor. A distributor plated with inclined slotted angle was located at the air inlet at the bottom of the chamber. Experimental and numerical methods have been applied to analyze the efficiency of developed S-SDC assisted solar drying system based on the moisture content (MC), moisture content ratio (MR) and drying rate (DR) were examined. The experimental results showed that the S-SDC can reduce the moisture content of kaffir lime leaves more rapidly than a conventional solar drying chamber (CSDC). The S-SDC gave a higher DR and decreased drying time compared to that of C-SDC. The results also indicated that operation at higher air velocities resulted in a greater DR, especially at the beginning stage of the drying process. For the S-SDC, the reduced of MC, MR and DR at a high air velocity (v = 2.0 m/s) was better than at low air velocities (v = 0.5 and 1.0 m/s). Drying chamber efficiency is also observed at a higher air velocity of 2 m/s for both SSDC and CSDC. In addition, obtained experimental findings are in line with numerical results. The outcomes of this study present the potential of using the S-SDC compared to the C-SDC to be used in drying crops

Synthesis of non-edible biodiesel from crude jatropha oil and used cooking oil

This study focuses on a feasibility study of alternative nonedible crude oil such as jatropha and used cooking oil in biodiesel production. Crude jatropha oil (CJO) and used cooking oil (UCO) were converted to biodiesel using a two-step transesterification process with presents of acid-based and alkaline-based catalysts. Each three biodiesel blends (B5, B15 and B25) have been produced by blended with conventional diesel fuel (CDF). Determination of the fuel properties for each blend including CDF, Jatropha Methyl Ester (JME) and Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester (UCOME) have been carried out. The average yield for jatropha and used cooking oil biodiesels production was 94.3% and 92% respectively. The increment of the percentage of JME or UCOME in its blends is proportional to fuels physical properties such as density, specific gravity, kinematic viscosity and surface tension, however inversely proportional to fuels calorific value. Based on the results of this study, it is acceptable to conclude that non-edible CJO and UCO are viable alternatives to edible oil as feedstock to renewable fuel in order to reduce the greenhouse gases produced

Life cycle assessment of wood plastic composite

In this study, life cyle assessment method was used to assess the impacts of wood plastic composite towards the environment. This life cycle assessment consist of 4 phases that are based on the ISO14044 and ISO 14040. The phases are goal and scope definition phase, inventory analysis phase, impact assessment phase and interpretation phase. In the inventory analysis phase, the wood plastic composite were analyse using the FTIR machine. This FTIR machine will produce the result that consist of the compound that presence in the wood plastic composite. After the FTIR analysis, the data were further analyse using openLCA. This software produce the final results for this life cycle assessment with the help of the FTIR analysis

Evaluation on the Performance of Cross-Matrix Absorber Double-Pass Solar Air Heater (CMA-DPSAH) with and without Thermal Energy Storage Material

The intermittent natureof solar energysource can reduce the performance of solar air heater (SAH) considerably. The utilization of thermal storage materials demonstrates an effective way in order to improve an overall performance of SAH.In the present study, the performance of cross-matrix absorber double-pass solar air heater (CMA-DPSAH) integrated with the phase change material (PCM) as thermal energy storage was conducted. The PCM material was inserted inside the rectangular aluminium tube used as the thermal absorber.The air mass flow rate of 0.004kg/s was used during the entire experimental period. The experiment was conducted on several phase; Phase 1 (CMA-DPSAH with PCM) and Phase 2 (CMA-DPSAH without PCM) in order to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of the PCM utilization. Based on the result, CMA-DPSAH with PCM performed better than the CMA-DPSAH without PCM with maximum of heat gain and temperature output were 127 W and 53 oC, respectively. The instantaneous efficiency of CMA-DPSAH with PCM consistently higher than the CMA-DPSAH without PCM for about 17 –19% with the maximum was 64 % during the low radiation flux. This feature offers a great potential of solar air heater application in the intermittent solar radiation condition, especially for drying of the agriculture products

Evaluation on the performance of cross-matrix absorber double-pass solar air heater (CMA-DPSAH) with and without thermal energy storage material

The intermittent nature of solar energy source can reduce the performance of solar air heater (SAH) considerably. The utilization of thermal storage materials demonstrates an effective way in order to improve an overall performance of SAH. In the present study, the performance of cross-matrix absorber double-pass solar air heater (CMADPSAH) integrated with the phase change material (PCM) as thermal energy storage was conducted. The PCM material was inserted inside the rectangular aluminium tube used as the thermal absorber. The air mass flow rate of 0.004 kg/s was used during the entire experimental period. The experiment was conducted on several phase; Phase 1 (CMA-DPSAH with PCM) and Phase 2 (CMA-DPSAH without PCM) in order to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of the PCM utilization. Based on the result, CMA-DPSAH with PCM performed better than the CMA-DPSAH without PCM with maximum of heat gain and temperature output were 127 W and 53 oC, respectively. The instantaneous efficiency of CMA-DPSAH with PCM consistently higher than the CMA-DPSAH without PCM for about 17 – 19% with the maximum was 64 % during the low radiation flux. This feature offers a great potential of solar air heater application in the intermittent solar radiation condition, especially for drying of the agriculture products

Synthesis of non-edible biodiesel from crude jatropha oil and used cooking oil

This study focuses on a feasibility study of alternative nonedible crude oil such as jatropha and used cooking oil in biodiesel production. Crude jatropha oil (CJO) and used cooking oil (UCO) were converted to biodiesel using a two-step transesterification process with presents of acid-based and alkaline-based catalysts. Each three biodiesel blends (B5, B15 and B25) have been produced by blended with conventional diesel fuel (CDF). Determination of the fuel properties for each blend including CDF, Jatropha Methyl Ester (JME) and Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester (UCOME) have been carried out. The average yield for jatropha and used cooking oil biodiesels production was 94.3% and 92% respectively. The increment of the percentage of JME or UCOME in its blends is proportional to fuels physical properties such as density, specific gravity, kinematic viscosity and surface tension, however inversely proportional to fuels calorific value. Based on the results of this study, it is acceptable to conclude that non-edible CJO and UCO are viable alternatives to edible oil as feedstock to renewable fuel in order to reduce the greenhouse gases produced

Synthesis of non-edible biodiesel from crude jatropha oil and used cooking oil

This study focuses on a feasibility study of alternative nonedible crude oil such as jatropha and used cooking oil in biodiesel production. Crude jatropha oil (CJO) and used cooking oil (UCO) were converted to biodiesel using a two-step transesterification process with presents of acid-based and alkaline-based catalysts. Each three biodiesel blends (B5, B15 and B25) have been produced by blended with conventional diesel fuel (CDF). Determination of the fuel properties for each blend including CDF, Jatropha Methyl Ester (JME) and Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester (UCOME) have been carried out. The average yield for jatropha and used cooking oil biodiesels production was 94.3% and 92% respectively. The increment of the percentage of JME or UCOME in its blends is proportional to fuels physical properties such as density, specific gravity, kinematic viscosity and surface tension, however inversely proportional to fuels calorific value. Based on the results of this study, it is acceptable to conclude that non-edible CJO and UCO are viable alternatives to edible oil as feedstock to renewable fuel in order to reduce the greenhouse gases produced